Last data update: May 06, 2024. (Total: 46732 publications since 2009)
Records 1-18 (of 18 Records) |
Query Trace: Xue Y[original query] |
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A U.S. lead exposure hotspots analysis
Zartarian VG , Xue J , Poulakos AG , Tornero-Velez R , Stanek LW , Snyder E , Helms Garrison V , Egan K , Courtney JG . Environ Sci Technol 2024 To identify U.S. lead exposure risk hotspots, we expanded upon geospatial statistical methods from a published Michigan case study. The evaluation of identified hotspots using five lead indices, based on housing age and sociodemographic data, showed moderate-to-substantial agreement with state-identified higher-risk locations from nine public health department reports (45-78%) and with hotspots of children's blood lead data from Michigan and Ohio (e.g., Cohen's kappa scores of 0.49-0.63). Applying geospatial cluster analysis and 80th-100th percentile methods to the lead indices, the number of U.S. census tracts ranged from ∼8% (intersection of indices) to ∼41% (combination of indices). Analyses of the number of children <6 years old living in those census tracts revealed the states (e.g., Illinois, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts, California, Texas) and counties with highest potential lead exposure risk. Results support use of available lead indices as surrogates to identify locations in the absence of consistent, complete blood lead level (BLL) data across the United States. Ground-truthing with local knowledge, additional BLL data, and environmental data is needed to improve identification and analysis of lead exposure and BLL hotspots for interventions. While the science evolves, these screening results can inform "deeper dive" analyses for targeting lead actions. |
Identifying the location and size of an underground mine fire with simulated ventilation data and random forest model
Xue Y , Bahrami D , Zhou L . Min Metall Explor 2023 Underground mine fires are a threat to the safety and health of mine workers. The timely determination of the location and size of an underground fire is of great importance in developing firefighting strategies and reducing the risk of any injuries. Machine learning was used in this paper to develop a predictive model for fire location and fire size in an underground mine. The ventilation data were obtained by simulating different mine fire scenarios with MFire. The ventilation data of all airways were used as features to predict the fire location. Based on the feature importance, five airways were selected to monitor, and the airflow data of the selected airways were used to predict the fire location and fire size. An accuracy score of 0.920 was obtained for the prediction of fire location. In addition, in-depth analyses were conducted to characterize the wrong predictions with the purpose of improving the performance of the random forest model. The results show that the occurrence of fire at closely connected airways at some locations can generate misleading ventilation data for each other and the model performance can be further improved to 0.962 by grouping them. Fire size is another factor affecting the model performance and the model accuracy increases with increasing fire size. The result from this study can help mine safety personnel make informed decisions during a mine fire emergency. © 2023, This is a U.S. Government work and not under copyright protection in the US; foreign copyright protection may apply. |
Reply to 'Reconciling disparate estimates of viral genetic diversity during human influenza infections'.
Poon LLM , Song T , Wentworth DE , Holmes EC , Greenbaum BD , Peiris JSM , Cowling BJ , Ghedin E . Nat Genet 2019 51 (9) 1301-1303 In their Correspondence, Xue and Bloom1 identify an important discrepancy in the sequence data that we provided in our 2016 paper2 on the transmission of influenza virus in Hong Kong during the first wave of the H1N1 pandemic in 2009. The goal of the study was to provide a quantitative approach to characterizing the within-host genetic diversity of influenza virus and how this genomic information might be used in tracking transmission. We have determined that the potential source of this discrepancy was due to the technical limitations of the methods used at the time, which inadvertently led to the reporting of substantially higher levels of within-host diversity than were likely to be present. |
Review of current coal rib control practices
Guner D , Nowak S , Sherizadeh T , Sunkpal M , Mohamed K , Xue Y . Underground Space 2023 9 53-75 The instability of coal ribs in underground mines continues to result in the injuries and fatalities of mine workers. The proper estimation and evaluation of primary and secondary support for coal ribs is still a challenging problem in the field of ground control science and requires further research and study. Although mining operations have various support design criteria and support methodologies for strata control, most rib support designs are still based on experience and local practices. This review study is intended to summarize the currently applied practices for rib support and control in various countries and mining conditions. Firstly, critical parameters that control the amount and type of required rib support are considered and evaluated. The study revealed that among these parameters that control the stability of coal ribs, mining depth, rib height, cleat orientation/condition, and coal strength are the most significant parameters. Secondly, current rib support application methods were also summarized. Similar to rock mass classification systems, some studies proposed a rib control rating system for practical estimation of the current rib condition and to estimate primary support requirements. These studies are classified and summarized into two groups (categorical and empirical) based on the required inputs and methodologies. Empirically based coal rib rating systems were closely examined, and the usefulness and intuitive aspects of each rating system were compared. This comprehensive literature review demonstrates that the Australian rating system, Analysis and Design of Rib Support (ADRS), and the new U.S. rating system, Coal Pillar Rib Rating (CPRR), are highly applicable for their regions. © 2022 |
Lead data mapping to prioritize US locations for whole-of-government exposure prevention efforts: State of the science, federal collaborations, and remaining challenges
Zartarian V , Poulakos A , Garrison VH , Spalt N , Tornero-Velez R , Xue J , Egan K , Courtney J . Am J Public Health 2022 112 S658-s669 For this state-of-science overview of geospatial approaches for identifying US communities with high lead-exposure risk, we compiled and summarized public data and national maps of lead indices and models, environmental lead indicators, and children's blood lead surveillance data. Currently available indices and models are primarily constructed from housing-age and sociodemographic data; differing methods, variables, data, weighting schemes, and geographic scales yield maps with different exposure risk profiles. Environmental lead indicators are available (e.g., air, drinking water, dust, soil) at different spatial scales, but key gaps remain. Blood lead level data have limitations as testing, reporting, and completeness vary across states. Mapping tools and approaches developed by federal agencies and other groups for different purposes present an opportunity for greater collaboration. Maps, data visualization tools, and analyses that synthesize available geospatial efforts can be evaluated and improved with local knowledge and blood lead data to refine identification of high-risk locations for prioritizing prevention efforts and targeting risk-reduction strategies. Remaining challenges are discussed along with a work-in-progress systematic approach for cross-agency data integration, toward advancing "whole-of-government" public health protection from lead exposures. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(S7):S658-S669. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.307051). |
Coal and Rock Classification with Rib Images and Machine Learning Techniques
Xue Y . Min Metall Explor 2022 39 (2) 453-465 Classification of rock and coal is one preliminary problem for fully automated or intelligent mining. It assists for the automated rib stability analysis and enables the shearer to adjust the drums without human intervention. In this paper, the classification of rock from coal on rib images has been studied with machine learning techniques. A database of rock and coal image has been created by filtering photographs taken by NIOSH researchers in gateroad during site visits and only the images with fresh areas of rock and coal on the rib were selected. Machine learning was conducted on patches with a determined size, which are smaller images randomly extracted from each rock or coal image. After training, the classifier was validated with the testing dataset and an accuracy score of 0.9 was obtained. The influence of patch size and classifier was also investigated. The trained classifier was then applied to classify rock and coal on a new rib image with three rock layers of different thicknesses and good agreement was achieved. 2021, This is a U.S. government work and not under copyright protection in the U.S.; foreign copyright protection may apply. |
Loss of the virulence plasmid by Shigella sonnei promotes its interactions with CD207 and CD209 receptors
Wu BC , Olivia NA , Tembo JM , He YX , Zhang YM , Xue Y , Ye CL , Lv Y , Li WJ , Jiang LY , Huo XX , Sun ZY , Chen ZJ , Qin JC , Li AY , Park CG , Klena JD , Ding HH , Chen T . J Med Microbiol 2021 70 (3) Introduction. Shigella sonnei, the cause of bacillary dysentery, belongs to Gram-negative enteropathogenic bacteria. S. sonnei contains a 210 kb virulence plasmid that encodes an O-antigen gene cluster of LPSs. However, this virulence plasmid is frequently lost during replication. It is well-documented that after losing the O-antigen and becoming rough strains, the Gram-negative bacteria may express an LPS core on its surface. Previous studies have suggested that by using the LPS core, Gram-negative bacteria can interact with several C-type lectin receptors that are expressed on antigen-presenting cells (APCs).Hypothesis/Gap Statement. S. sonnei by losing the virulence plasmid may hijack APCs via the interactions of LPS-CD209/CD207.Aim. This study aimed to investigate if the S. sonnei rough strain, by losing the virulence plasmid, interacted with APCs that express C-type lectins of human CD207, human CD209a and mouse CD209b.Methodology. SDS-PAGE silver staining was used to examine the O-antigen expression of S. sonnei WT and its rough strain. Invasion assays and inhibition assays were used to examine the ability of S. sonnei WT and its rough strain to invade APCs and investigate whether CD209 and CD207 are receptors for phagocytosis of rough S. sonnei. Animal assays were used to observe the dissemination of S. sonnei.Results. S. sonnei did not express O-antigens after losing the virulence plasmid. The S. sonnei rough strain invades with APCs, including human dendritic cells (DCs) and mouse macrophages. CD209 and CD207 are receptors for phagocytosis of rough S. sonnei. Expression of the O-antigen reduces the ability of the S. sonnei rough strain to be disseminated to mesenteric lymph nodes and spleens.Conclusion. This work demonstrated that S. sonnei rough strains - by losing the virulence plasmid - invaded APCs through interactions with CD209 and CD207 receptors. |
Proteus mirabilis targets atherosclerosis plaques in human coronary arteries via DC-SIGN (CD209)
Xue Y , Li Q , Park CG , Klena JD , Anisimov AP , Sun Z , Wei X , Chen T . Front Immunol 2020 11 579010 Bacterial DNAs are constantly detected in atherosclerotic plaques (APs), suggesting that a combination of chronic infection and inflammation may have roles in AP formation. A series of studies suggested that certain Gram-negative bacteria were able to interact with dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing non-integrin [DC-SIGN; cluster of differentiation (CD) 209] or langerin (CD207), thereby resulting in deposition of CD209s at infection sites. We wondered if Proteus mirabilis (a member of Proteobacteria family) could interact with APs through CD209/CD207. In this study, we first demonstrated that CD209/CD207 were also receptors for P. mirabilis that mediated adherence and phagocytosis by macrophages. P. mirabilis interacted with fresh and CD209s/CD207-expressing APs cut from human coronary arteries, rather than in healthy and smooth arteries. These interactions were inhibited by addition of a ligand-mimic oligosaccharide and the coverage of the ligand, as well as by anti-CD209 antibody. Finally, the hearts from an atherosclerotic mouse model contained higher numbers of P. mirabilis than that of control mice during infection-challenging. We therefore concluded that the P. mirabilis interacts with APs in human coronary arteries via CD209s/CD207. It may be possible to slow down the progress of atherosclerosis by blocking the interactions between CD209s/CD207 and certain atherosclerosis-involved bacteria with ligand-mimic oligosaccharides. |
Cognitive frailty in relation to adverse health outcomes independent of multimorbidity: results from the China health and retirement longitudinal study
Chen C , Park J , Wu C , Xue Q , Agogo G , Han L , Hoogendijk EO , Liu Z , Wu Z . Aging (Albany NY) 2020 12 (22) 23129-23145 Our objectives were to evaluate: 1) the associations of cognitive frailty with various health outcomes including disability, hospitalization, and death; 2) whether the associations differed by multimorbidity. We included data of 5113 Chinese older adults (aged 60+ years) who had baseline cognition and physical frailty assessments (2011 wave) and follow-up for 4 years. About 16.0% (n=820) had cognitive impairment; 6.7% (n=342) had physical frailty; and 1.6% (n=82) met criteria for cognitive frailty. Both cognitive impairment (odds ratios (ORs) range: 1.41 to 2.11) and physical frailty (ORs range: 1.51 to 2.43) were independently associated with basic activities of daily living (BADL), instrumental ADL (IADL), mobility disability, hospitalization, and death among participants without that corresponding outcome at baseline, even after accounting for covariates. Relative to participants who had normal cognition and were nonfrail, those with cognitive frailty had the highest risk for IADL disability (OR=3.40, 95% CI, 1.23-9.40) and death (OR=3.89, 95% CI, 2.25-6.47). We did not find significant interaction effects between cognitive frailty and multimorbidity (P(interactions)>0.05). Overall, cognitive frailty was associated with disability and death, independent of multimorbidity. This highlights the importance of assessing cognitive frailty in the community to promote primary and secondary preventions for healthy aging. |
Numerical simulation of the relaxation behavior of failed sandstone specimens
Xue Y , Mishra B . Min Metall Explor 2020 37 (5) 1411-1422 The relaxation test on sandstone specimens showed typical behavior in pre-failure region and stepwise behavior in the post-failure region. Overall, more significant stress relaxation occurred within the failed specimens than the intact ones. Numerical simulations were conducted with pre-defined failure plane and with Voronoi tessellation to visualize the relaxation behavior. The model with pre-defined failure plane showed the key role of failure plane and asperity in simulating the step-wise post-failure relaxation behavior. The inhomogeneous stress distribution within failed specimen and the viscous deformation of intact rocks induced high stress concentration at the asperities. The observed step-wise relaxation initiated from the failure of asperity. Furthermore, the simulations with Voronoi tessellation showed time-dependent fracture development during relaxation in post-failure region. The presence of fractures completely changed the stress distribution. Stress concentration occurred at the front area of fractures and at the interacting areas between fractures. During relaxation, fractures still developed with time and the sudden significant increase in the “damage” coincided with the acceleration of stress relaxation leading to step-wise relaxation. Finally, the results showed the possibility of using residual strength as the long-term strength of failed rock. |
Salmonella typhimurium interacts with CD209 receptors to promote host dissemination and infection
Ye C , Li Q , Li X , Park CG , He Y , Zhang Y , Wu B , Xue Y , Yang K , Lv Y , Ying XL , Ding HH , Cai H , Alkraiem AA , Njiri O , Tembo J , Huang HP , Li AY , Gong J , Qin J , Cheng B , Wei X , Sun Z , Zhang SS , Zhang P , Zheng GX , Li W , Kan B , Yan M , Xiding X , Huo X , Zeng Y , Peng H , Fu Y , Klena JD , Skurnik M , Jiang LY , Chen T . Infect Immun 2019 87 (8) Salmonella typhimurium, a Gram-negative bacterium, can cause infectious diseases ranging from gastroenteritis to systemic dissemination and infection. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this bacterial dissemination have yet to be elucidated. A study indicated that using the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) core as a ligand, S. typhimurium was able to bind human DC-SIGN (hCD209a), a HIV receptor that promotes viral dissemination by hijacking antigen-presenting cells (APCs). In this study, we showed that S. typhimurium interacted with CD209s, leading to the invasion of APCs and potentially the dissemination to regional lymph nodes, spleen and liver in mice. Shielding of the exposed LPS core through the expression of O-antigen reduces dissemination and infection. Thus, we propose that similar to HIV, S. typhimurium may also utilize APCs via interactions with CD209s as a way to disseminate to the lymph nodes, spleen and liver to initiate host infection. |
Disease characteristics and management of hospitalised adolescents and adults with community-acquired pneumonia in China: a retrospective multicentre survey
Chen L , Zhou F , Li H , Xing X , Han X , Wang Y , Zhang C , Suo L , Wang J , Yu G , Wang G , Yao X , Yu H , Wang L , Liu M , Xue C , Liu B , Zhu X , Li Y , Xiao Y , Cui X , Li L , Uyeki TM , Wang C , Cao B . BMJ Open 2018 8 (2) e018709 OBJECTIVES: To describe the clinical characteristics and management of patients hospitalised with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in China. DESIGN: This was a multicentre, retrospective, observational study. SETTING: 13 teaching hospitals in northern, central and southern China from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2014 PARTICIPANTS: Information on hospitalised patients aged >/=14 years with radiographically confirmed pneumonia with illness onset in the community was collected using standard case report forms. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Resource use for CAP management. RESULTS: Of 14 793 patients screened, 5828 with radiographically confirmed CAP were included in the final analysis. Low mortality risk patients with a CURB-65 score 0-1 and Pneumonia Severity Index risk class I-II accounted for 81.2% (4434/5594) and 56.4% (2034/3609) patients, respectively. 21.7% (1111/5130) patients had already achieved clinical stability on admission. A definite or probable pathogen was identified only in 12.7% (738/5828) patients. 40.9% (1575/3852) patients without pseudomonal infection risk factors received antimicrobial overtreatment regimens. The median duration between clinical stability to discharge was 5.0 days with 30-day mortality of 4.2%. CONCLUSIONS: These data demonstrated the overuse of health resources in CAP management, indicating that there is potential for improvement and substantial savings to healthcare systems in China. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT02489578; Results. |
Inpatient glucose values: Determining the nondiabetic range and use in identifying patients at high risk for diabetes
Rhee MK , Safo SE , Jackson SL , Xue W , Olson DE , Long Q , Barb D , Haw JS , Tomolo AM , Phillips LS . Am J Med 2017 131 (4) 443 e11-443 e24 BACKGROUND: Many individuals with diabetes remain undiagnosed, leading to delays in treatment and higher risk for subsequent diabetes complications. Despite recommendations for diabetes screening in high risk groups, the optimal approach is not known. We evaluated the utility of inpatient glucose levels as an opportunistic screening tool for identifying patients at high risk for diabetes. METHODS: We retrospectively examined 462,421 patients in the national VA healthcare system, hospitalized on medical/surgical services in 2000-2010, for ≥3 days, with ≥2 inpatient random plasma glucose (RPG) measurements. All had continuity of care - ≥1 primary care visit and ≥1 glucose measure within 2 years before hospitalization and yearly for ≥3 years after discharge. Glucose levels during hospitalization and incidence of diabetes within 3 years after discharge in patients without diabetes were evaluated. RESULTS: Patients had mean age 65.0 years, BMI 29.9, and were 96% male, 71% white, and 18% black. Preexisting diabetes was present in 39.4%, 1.3% were diagnosed during hospitalization, 8.1% diagnosed <5 years post-discharge, and 51.3% never diagnosed (NonDM). The NonDM group had the lowest mean hospital RPG (112 mg/dl [6.2 mmol/L]). Having at least two RPGs >140 mg/dl (>7.8 mmol/L), the 95th percentile of NonDM hospital glucose, provided 81% specificity for identifying incident diabetes <3 years post-discharge. CONCLUSIONS: Screening for diabetes could be considered in patients with at least two hospital glucoses at/above the 95th percentile of the nondiabetic range (141 mg/dl [7.8 mmol/L]). |
Incidence of norovirus-associated diarrhea, Shanghai, China, 2012-2013
Yu J , Ye C , Lai S , Zhu W , Zhang Z , Geng Q , Xue C , Yang W , Wu S , Hall AJ , Sun Q , Li Z . Emerg Infect Dis 2017 23 (2) 312-315 We conducted sentinel-based surveillance for norovirus in the Pudong area of Shanghai, China, during 2012-2013, by analyzing 5,324 community surveys, 408,024 medical records, and 771 laboratory-confirmed norovirus infections among 3,877 diarrhea cases. Our analysis indicated an outpatient incidence of 1.5/100 person-years and a community incidence of 8.9/100 person-years for norovirus-associated diarrhea. |
A large outbreak of acute gastroenteritis caused by the human norovirus GII.17 strain at a university in Henan Province, China.
Huang XY , Su J , Lu QC , Li SZ , Zhao JY , Li ML , Li Y , Shen XJ , Zhang BF , Wang HF , Mu YJ , Wu SY , Du YH , Liu LC , Chen WJ , Klena JD , Xu BL . Infect Dis Poverty 2017 6 (1) 6 BACKGROUND: Human noroviruses are a major cause of viral gastroenteritis and are the main etiological agents of acute gastroenteritis outbreaks. An increasing number of outbreaks and sporadic cases of norovirus have been reported in China in recent years. There was a large acute gastroenteritis outbreak at a university in Henan Province, China in the past five years. We want to identify the source, transmission routes of the outbreak by epidemiological investigation and laboratory testing in order to provide the effective control measures. METHODS: The clinical cases were investigated, and analysed by descriptive epidemiological methods according to factors such as time, department, grade and so on. Samples were collected from clinical cases, healthy persons, the environment, water, and food at the university. These samples were tested for potential bacteria and viruses. The samples that tested positive for norovirus were selected for whole genome sequencing and the sequences were then analysed. RESULTS: From 4 March to 3 April 2015, a total of 753 acute diarrhoea cases were reported at the university; the attack rate was 3.29%. The epidemic curve showed two peaks, with the main peak occurring between 10 and 20 March, accounting for 85.26% of reported cases. The rates of norovirus detection in samples from confirmed cases, people without symptoms, and environmental samples were 32.72%, 17.39%, and 9.17%, respectively. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the norovirus belonged to the genotype GII.17. CONCLUSIONS: This is the largest and most severe outbreak caused by genotype GII.17 norovirus in recent years in China. The GII.17 viruses displayed high epidemic activity and have become a dominant strain in China since the winter of 2014, having replaced the previously dominant GII.4 Sydney 2012 strain. |
Estimation of hospitalization rate of laboratory confirmed influenza cases in Jingzhou city, Hubei province, 2010-2012
Zheng J , Chen H , Chen M , Huai Y , Jiang H , Xing X , Peng Z , Xiang N , Zhang Y , Liu L , Huang J , Feng L , Guan X , Klena J , Zhan F , Yu H . Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2015 36 (3) 222-7 OBJECTIVE: To estimate the hospitalization rate of severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) cases attributable to influenza in Jingzhou city, Hubei province from 2010 to 2012. METHODS: SARI surveillance was conducted at four hospitals in Jingzhou city, Hubei province from 2010 to 2012. Inpatients meeting the SARI case definition and with informed consent were enrolled to collect their demographic information, clinical features, treatment, and disease outcomes, with their respiratory tract specimens collected for PCR test of influenza virus. RESULTS: From April, 2010 to September, 2012, 19 679 SARI cases enrolled were residents of Jingzhou, and nasopharyngeal swab was collected from 18 412 (93.6%) cases of them to test influenza virus and 13.3% were positive for influenza. During the three consecutive 2010-2012 flu seasons, laboratory-confirmed influenza was associated with 102 per 100 000, 132 per 100 000 and 244 per 100 000, respectively. As for the hospitalization rate attributable to specific type/subtype of influenza virus, 48 per 100 000, 30 per 100 000 and 24 per 100 000 were attributable to A (H3N2), A (H1N1) pdm2009, and influenza B, respectively in 2010-2011 season; 42 per 100 000 [A (H3N2)] and 90 per 100 000 (influenza B) in 2011-2012 season; 90 per 100 000 [A (H3N2)] and one per 100 000 [influenza B] from April, 2010 to September, 2012. SARI hospitalization caused by influenza A or B occurred both mainly among children younger than five years old, with the peak in children aged 0.5 year old. CONCLUSION: Influenza could cause a substantial number of hospitalizations and different viral type/subtype result in different hospitalizations over influenza seasons in Jingzhou city, Hubei province. Children less than five years old should be prioritized for influenza vaccination in China. |
From spectators to implementers: civil society organizations involved in AIDS programmes in China
Li H , Kuo NT , Liu H , Korhonen C , Pond E , Guo H , Smith L , Xue H , Sun J . Int J Epidemiol 2010 39 Suppl 2 ii65-71 BACKGROUND: Over the past 20 years, civil society organizations (CSOs) in China have significantly increased their involvement in the AIDS response. This article aims to review the extent of civil society participation in China AIDS programmes over the past two decades. METHODS: A desk review was conducted to collect Chinese government policies, project documents and published articles on civil society participation of HIV/AIDS programmes in China over the past two decades. Assessment focused on five aspects: (i) the political environment; (ii) access to financial resources; (iii) the number of CSOs working on HIV/AIDS; (iv) the scope of work; and (v) the impact of CSO involvement on programmes. RESULTS: The number of CSOs specificly working on HIV/AIDS increased from 0 before 1988 to over 400 in 2009. Among a sample of 368 CSOs, 135 (36.7%) were registered. CSOs were primarily supported by international programmes. Government financial support to CSOs has increased from USD248 000 in 2002 to USD1.46 million in 2008. Initially, civil society played a minimal role. It is now widely involved in nearly all aspects of HIV/AIDS-related prevention, treatment and care efforts, and has had a positive impact; for example, increased adherence of anti-retroviral treatment and HIV testing among hard-to-reach groups. The main challenges faced by CSOs include registration, capacity and long-term financial support. CONCLUSION: CSOs have significantly increased their participation and contribution to HIV/AIDS programmes in China. Policies for registration and financial support to CSOs need to be developed to enable them to play an even greater role in AIDS programmes. |
New Centers for Disease Control and Prevention publication on good laboratory practices for molecular genetics testing
Chen B . Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2009 41 (4) 395-6 The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is publishing a document titled "Good Laboratory PRactices for Molecular Genetic Testing for Heritable Diseases and Conditions" in the recommendations and reports series of the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) in spring 2009. This document will provide the recommendations of the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Advisory Committee (CLIAC) for good labortoary practices in the areas of molecular genetic testing that have been recognized as needing specific guidance for complying with applicable requirements in the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) regulations, or as needing quality assurance measures in addition to the general CLIA requirements. The MMWR document is intended to be used by the following laboratories or individuals for the purpose of improving the quality and utilization of genetic laboratory services: 1) Laboratories performing molecular genetic testing for heritable diseases and conditions; 2) Users of the labortaory services, including (but not limited to) healthcare professionals, patients, referring or referral laboratories, and payers of laboratory services; 3) Medical and public health professionals who evaluate laboratory practices and policies. |
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